Energy crops

What are energy crops?

The term energy crop relates specifically to crops grown for energy, rather than for food or other markets. Whilst energy crops can also be used as biofuel crops, this website is dedicated to their use as a biomass crop for the provision of heat and/or electricity.

Current commercial biomass crops are Miscanthus and Short rotation willow coppice (SRC), both of which grow successfully in Wales. In addition reed canary grass and switchgrass lead the way in crops currently being evaluated in Wales. Other novel crops are mentioned in the ‘Energy grasses and other crops’ section of the website.

Why energy crops?

Energy crops release carbon dioxide when burnt, however this is simply releasing the carbon dioxide the crops used in photosynthesis when growing. As a result they are considered to be almost carbon neutral. They are a clean source of fuel and are recognised as one of the key renewable energy sources for Wales and the UK.

If you would like to compare energy crops against other renewable options, the booklet “Energy generation and energy efficiency on farm –a guide” gives you a basic overview and links to sources of further information.

What’s in it for me?

Energy crops are an alternative agricultural cash crop with environmental and biodiversity benefits.
They open up a new market and opportunities for those in the rural environment.
Energy crops can be grown on set-aside land.
Long-term fuel supply contracts with end users can be established.
Locally produced fuel, retains energy expenditure close to source and benefits local economies.
You can become self sufficient, producing your own heat and/or electricity for your own use
On a larger scale you could become an ESCO (Energy Service/Supply Company) selling heat or electricity in the local area.
Biomass heating systems are becoming increasingly cost effective and can compete well against oil fired heating systems.
Additional niche markets for these crops are also developing.